Diseño y prueba piloto del material didáctico “Sintiendo aprendo” aplicable con niños de 4 a 6 años, para favorecer la educación emocional

Abstract

Al hablar de educación en primera infancia, se tienen en cuenta múltiples factores que afectan de forma positiva o negativa el aprendizaje de niños y niñas; sin embargo, y a pesar, que la primera infancia se caracteriza por el enfrentarse a un mundo socioafectivo amplio y cambiante, existen pocas dinámicas que respondan de forma efectiva al desarrollo de esta dimensión. Así, se comprende la importancia de formar a la primera infancia con herramientas, conocimientos y habilidades que les permitan enfrentarse a los retos y aprendizajes del mundo desde el conocimiento, comprensión y regulación tanto de sus emociones como de los demás. Respondiendo a esta forma de comprender la educación inicial, se presenta el material didáctico “Sintiendo Aprendo” para niños y niñas entre 4 y 6 años como aporte al acompañamiento al desarrollo infantil. El material está basado en los postulados de Mayer y Salovey del año 1997 con el fin de desarrollar la percepción, facilitación, comprensión y regulación emocional, comprendidas como 4 competencias relacionadas para favorecer la educación emocional.

When talking about early childhood education, multiple factors that positively or negatively affect children's learning are taken into account; However, and despite the fact that early childhood is characterized by facing a wide and changing socio-affective world, there are few dynamics that respond effectively to the development of this dimension. Thus, the importance of training early childhood with tools, knowledge and skills that allow them to face the challenges and learnings of the world from the knowledge, understanding and regulation of both their emotions and others is understood. Responding to this need, a didactic material called “Feeling I Learn” has been designed, elaborated and piloted for children between 4 and 6 years of age, based on the postulates of Mayer and Salovey in order to develop perception, facilitation, understanding and emotional regulation, understood as 4 competencies related to promoting emotional education. For this process, we start by investigating emotional education in early childhood, the didactic material as a resource within early childhood education and the development of boys and girls between 4 and 6 years of age, encompassing the cognitive, psychomotor and socio-affective. Likewise, it was designed in compliance with the technical guidelines of the superintendence of industry and commerce and the guidelines of the Universal Design for Learning (DUA). On the other hand, the piloting was carried out and feeling I learn development of the competences for which it was developed in children, therefore this material is a resource that favors the development of perception, facilitation, understanding and emotional regulation as skills of emotional education in early childhood.