Platelets as regenerative cells, hundreds of opportunities in sight

Abstract

Platelets were the last to be discovered of the three formed blood elements. Several scientists have been interested in them, recognizing them as cells other than leukocytes and erythrocytes. Its job in hemostasis and thrombosis is currently known. Platelets contain growth factors and secrete cytokines, which have roles in inflammation and tissue regeneration processes. This is why platelet concentrates have been widely used in regenerative medicine, an emerging field that involves biomolecules, cells, and scaffolds. Due to their chemotactic, angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and cell differentiation-generating properties, platelets have been used to promote the regeneration of tissues such as bones, tendons, ligaments, and wounds. The efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been demonstrated in various medical scenarios. However, it is essential to implement standardized protocols for each population's conditions and conduct clinical studies based on the available evidence. It must be considered that, as a biological product, the number of platelets used, the number of growth factors, and the way of application will lead to results that will depend on each patient. © 2024 by the author.