Documentos que regulan el manejo de animales con fines investigativos en Colombia : Una revisión crítica desde la mirada bioética

Abstract

La utilización de animales en proyectos exitosos de investigación en ciencias como la biología, la veterinaria, la psicología y la medicina han sido uno de los retos bioéticos más importantes para la búsqueda de soluciones y normativas dirigidas a su protección, preservación y adecuada intervención. Trabajar con animales en investigación es un privilegio otorgado más no un derecho, el uso de cualquier animal vertebrado, es necesario y éticamente imprescindible, ya sea con el fin de generar un avance en la ciencia, como también un progreso en el entendimiento de los mecanismos o tratamientos de las enfermedades que afecten a la humanidad. Por lo tanto, existen protocolos, normativas y guías que regulan la investigación con animales, contemplando diversos aspectos de la ética tanto nacional como internacional.

The use of animals in successful research projects in sciences such as biology, veterinary medicine, psychology and medicine have been one of the most important bioethical challenges in the search for solutions and regulations aimed at their protection, preservation and adequate intervention. Working with animals in research is a privilege granted but not a right, the use of any vertebrate animal is necessary and ethically essential, either in order to generate an advance in science, as well as progress in the understanding of the mechanisms or treatments of diseases that affect humanity. Therefore, there are protocols, regulations and guides that regulate research with animals, contemplating various aspects of both national and international ethics. Therefore, through this descriptive documentary analysis study, a critical review from the bioethical perspective was presented of the documents that present the regulation of animal houses for research purposes in Colombia. A characterization of the principles that animal research must comply with was carried out: Responsibility, Non-maleficence, Ethical Principle of the 3 Rs, Respect, Autonomy, Cost / Benefit, Sentience, Justice and Precaution. Subsequently, the peculiar attributes found in the documents reviewed and that guide research with animals and the management of Vivarium in Colombia were highlighted. Finally, the bioethical analysis was structured around three components: research ethics, bioethics, and scientific integrity.