Efecto de una intervención de enfermería durante la transición de hospitalización en personas con diabetes mellitus 2 o sus cuidadores

Abstract

Para enfermería, abordar la competencia de cuidado en el hogar de las personas con Diabetes tipo 2 (DM-2) o sus cuidadores familiares durante la transición hospitalaria, constituye una estrategia de intervención que impacta positivamente en la adquisición de competencias de cuidado para el egreso hospitalario, lo que permite lograr transiciones saludables que optimizan los resultados de cuidado, la calidad y la seguridad de la atención.

Introduction: For nursing, addressing the home care competence of people with type 2 Diabetes (DM-2) or their family caregivers during the hospital transition constitutes an intervention strategy that positively impacts the acquisition of care competencies for the hospital discharge, which allows to achieve healthy transitions that optimize the results, quality, and safety of care. Objective: To determine the effect of a systematized nursing intervention during the hospitalization transition "Plan Cuidarte - Diabetes Mellitus 2", compared with the usual intervention, about the competence of caring for people with DM-2 or their family caregivers, in an institution provider of health services in Bogotá. Methodology: Quantitative approach, quasi-experimental type with pre-test and post-test measurement. It will include a sample composed of 41 people over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of DM-2 who are in a hospitalization transition and who have a person who, due to kinship or closeness, works as a family caregiver. Measurements are proposed to both groups, experimental and of comparison, before and after the interventions studied so that the intra- and inter-group effects can be compared through the study. These measurements will be performed simultaneously as the interventions are applied. The experimental group will receive the systematized nursing intervention during the hospitalization transition "Plan Cuidarte - Diabetes Mellitus 2", by Carvajal et al (2018), prepared with the systematic development scheme of health care interventions by Whittemore R, Gray MJ (2002). The intervention will be directed to the patient after verification of the functional and cognitive capacity, always in the company of her family caregiver. If the caregiver does not have this capacity, he will go to the family caregiver, always in the company of the patient. The comparison group will receive the usual intervention directed by the health institution. Expected results: It is expected to know if the systematized nursing intervention during the hospitalization transition "Plan Cuidarte - Diabetes Mellitus 2", positively modifies the competence of care of the patient with DM-2 or their family caregiver when comparing it before and after its application, during the hospitalization transition and, when compared to a routine intervention, it has a greater positive effect about the competence of care of the patient with DM-2 or their family caregiver during the hospitalization transition.