Survival at 3, 6 and 12 months in patients diagnosed with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Colombia

Abstract

Background: In Colombia, there are no records showing long-term survival data for Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). Therefore, survival and risk factors in patients with this condition who required hospitalization are described. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a high-complexity care center in Colombia, evaluating survival at 3, 6, and 12 months in CAP patients, using the Kaplan Meier method. Stratifications were made by age, sex, comorbidity, and severity. The comparison of survival curves was performed using the Log-Rank test, a multivariate analysis with Cox regression was performed to study possible risk factors that affected 12- month survival in patients with CAP. Results: 3688 subjects were admitted, with a mortality of 16.3% per year. Survival at three, six, and twelve months was 93.1%, 88.9%, and 84.5%, respectively. Analysis stratified by pneumonia severity index (PSI), 12-month survival was 98.7% in class-I, 95.6% in class-II, 87.41% in class-III, 77.1% in class IV, and 65.8% in class-V (p<0.001). Cox-regression showed that being male (HR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.22-1.70; 0<0.001), an elevated PSI (HR: 4.22; 95%CI: 1.89-9.43; p<0.001), a high comorbidity index (HR: 2.29; 95%CI: 1.89-2.84; p<0.001) and vasopressor requirement (HR: 2.22; 95%CI <0.001) were associated with a lower survival at twelve months of follow-up.