Sedentarism, A Modifiable Risk Factor for Developing Chronic Kidney Disease in Healthy People

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a consequence of the interaction of many pathophysiological processes,manifested by a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and abnormal kidney function. Sedentarybehavior is associated with decreased kidney function, and regular physical activity could have the potential to reducethe risk of developing CKD, although this is not entirely clear. The objective of this study was to investigate therelationship between sedentary behavior and the development of CKD.Methods: A search was carried out in different databases and metasearchers from January 2015 to June 2020 forcross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies, in which the association of a sedentary lifestyle or physical inactivitywith the appearance of CKD was evaluated in healthy people. Eight articles were obtained, including six crosssectionalstudies, one case-control, and one cohort study. The quality of evidence for the main outcomes was assessedusing the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) model.Results: Most of the studies included in this systematic review agree that there is an association between a sedentarylifestyle and CKD; however, not all used the same definition of this disease, in the same way, the definitions ofphysical activity and sedentary behavior were different between these studies, as well as the methods of measuringsedentary behavior.Conclusion: CKD could be associated with sedentary behavior in previously healthy people. It was not possible todetermine a measure of association with the available scientific evidence, as the study designs were heterogeneous.Modifiable risk factors should be considered in different population groups to reduce the risk of CKD © 2022. The Korean Academy of Family Medicine